The change in pain severity was compared using Chi-square test.

Following explanation, a change in severity was seen for PS at rest [

(9, N- 360) = 441,

< 0.001] and at movement [X

(9, N- 360) = 508,

< 0.001]. Overall, a change in PS severity was seen in 162 patients (45%). A decrease and an increase in the severity of pain was seen in 119 and 41 patients respectively.

Explaining the clinical interpretation of PS on a NRS does lead to a change in patients’ self-assessed PS.

Explaining the clinical interpretation of PS on a NRS does lead to a change in patients’ self-assessed PS.

This study assesses the extubation practices of anaesthesiologists and whether these practices differ from existing guidelines.

The literature related to tracheal extubation was searched and a validated questionnaire was designed to assess practices of tracheal extubation. The questionnaire included techniques, manoeuvres, preparation, timing and plan of extubation. The survey link was shared with eligible participants. The responses were assessed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) software.

Of the 1264 respondents, 66.8% keep difficult airway cart ready only when difficult extubation is anticipated. Only 12.3% of respondents perform deep extubation with supraglottic airway device (SAD) exchange while 73.3% of respondents perform awake extubation with pharmacological control for preventing haemodynamic fluctuations. In the case of anticipated difficult extubation, 48.3% anaesthesiologists prefer the airway exchange catheter (AEC) exchange technique. Of all, 84.8% anaesthesiologists administer 100% oxygen before performing extubation and 81.7% continue to oxygenate during and 83.9% provide oxygen after extubation in all patients. In the case of suspected airway edema or collapse or surgical cause for airway compromise, 70% anaesthesiologists perform a leak test. The most preferred plan of extubation in patients with suspected airway collapse after surgery is direct extubation in fully awake position (54.6%). In patients with anticipated difficult extubation, 50.8% anaesthesiologists prefer to ventilate for 24 hours and reassess.

We observed that the extubation practices vary widely among anaesthesiologists. Almost half of the anaesthesiologists were unaware of extubation guidelines.

We observed that the extubation practices vary widely among anaesthesiologists. Almost half of the anaesthesiologists were unaware of extubation guidelines.

Formative assessment of procedural skills of Anaesthesiology postgraduate (PG) students is not conducted conventionally. Direct observation of procedural skills (DOPS) helps to identify gaps in performance and provides structured feedback. The present study was taken to explore perceptions of PG students and faculty about DOPS.

This mixed design interventional study was conducted on 12 PGs and 10 faculty members in Department of Anaesthesiology. After conducting DOPS, a pre-validated questionnaire was given to them about perceptions using 3-point Likert’s scale along with open ended questions. Statistical analysis was done using descriptive statistics of perception to calculate percentages and themes were identified for qualitative data.

Responses of students were positive about skill improvement (83%), time provided (75%), feedback (100%), interaction (83%), motivation (83%), satisfaction (83%), effectiveness (83%) and opportunity creation (92%). Faculty responded positively regarding change in attitude (100%), effectiveness (100%), scope (90%), feasible application (90%), ease (90%), opportunity creation (80%), gap identification (100%), satisfaction (80%). However, 60% felt training was required, 50% thought more time and commitment was required. Themes identified were DOPS is comprehensive, interactive, student-friendly, good teaching-learning tool, identifies gaps, provides focus for learning, provides systematic constructive feedback, improves skills, prepares for future practice, requires planning, may not reflect competence, has assessor variability and can be included in PG curriculum.

DOPS was perceived as an effective assessment and teaching-learning tool by PG students as well as faculty.

DOPS was perceived as an effective assessment and teaching-learning tool by PG students as well as faculty.

Regional anaesthesia techniques are a part of perioperative medicine that affects both perioperative and long-term outcomes. We have a paucity of the data on the usage and practices of plexus and peripheral nerve blocks (PNBs). To the best of our knowledge, this is the first effort to validate a survey for plexus and PNBs. Subsequently, this questionnaire could be used for the survey to look for the trends and disparities in PNB practices and further to develop a national registry in the future.

Thirty questions were prepared after evidence-based search and reviewed by experts for suggestions. Selleckchem BBI608 Changes were done and the questionnaire with the grading sheet was sent to 19 experts. The responses were analysed to calculate the content validity index (CVI) item-wise (I-CVI), scale-wise (S-CVI), and modified kappa statistics. The I-CVI of 0.78 and an S-CVI/average of 0.90 was taken as acceptable with more than six experts.

Fourteen experts out of 19 assessed and graded the questions as per the provided sheet and submitted suggestions through the mail. Question reframing, option reconsideration, and change from single to multiple choices were incorporated as per the suggestions of the experts. Mean I-CVI for relevance, simplicity, clarity, and ambiguity was 0.99, 0.98, 0.98, and 0.99, respectively. S-CVI/average was 0.98, 0.97, 0.98, and 0.99 for relevance, simplicity, clarity, and ambiguity, respectively.

We conclude that this questionnaire has met the content validity criteria and can be used to study plexus and PNBs practices.

We conclude that this questionnaire has met the content validity criteria and can be used to study plexus and PNBs practices.

An important assessment of the quality of health care is patient satisfaction. However, only few studies are available which look into this aspect. The primary objective of this study was to compare patient satisfaction between regional anaesthesia (RA) and general anaesthesia (GA) in patients undergoing upper limb surgeries. The length of hospital stay and duration of analgesia between the two techniques were the secondary objectives.

This cross-sectional study was carried out in a tertiary care teaching hospital. Patients aged between 18 years and 60 years, of physical status American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) grade 1-3, undergoing upper limb surgeries were included in the study. Patient satisfaction with anaesthesia was assessed in patients receiving GA and RA, with 100 patients in each group, at least 24 h after the surgery with a 10-item predesigned peri-operative questionnaire. The continuous variables were compared between the groups using Mann-Whitney-Wilcoxon test, and for categorical variables Chi-square test was used.