Coronary artery calcification (CAC) is a marker of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD), the leading cause of death in individuals receiving lung cancer screening (LCS) with low-dose CT. Our purpose was to determine the proportion of the LCS population eligible for primary ASCVD preventive statin therapy by American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association guidelines, assess statin prescription rates among statin-eligible individuals, and determine associations of CAC on downstream statin prescribing within 90 days of LCS.

Individuals receiving LCS between January 1, 2016, and December 31, 2018, across three centers were retrospectively enrolled. Statin eligibility in individuals without pre-existing ASCVD was determined by 2013 American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association guidelines (1) low-density lipoprotein ≥190 mg/dL, (2) diabetes, or (3) ASCVD risk score ≥7.5%. CAC presence and severity (mild, moderate, heavy) were extracted from LCS reports. Variation in statin prescrologist reporting of CAC at LCS reflects a potential opportunity to raise awareness of ASCVD risk and improve preventive statin prescribing.

The aims of this study were to determine resilience levels of radiology residents at the start of radiology residency, investigate changes in resilience and burnout during residency, and assess the relationship between resilience and burnout among radiology residents.

Diagnostic radiology residents were invited to participate in online surveys from 2016 to 2019. Resilience was assessed using the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale. Burnout was assessed using the Maslach Burnout Inventory-Human Services Survey. For each data set, genders’ scores were compared using either analysis of variance or Kruskal-Wallis tests. Pearson correlation coefficients were calculated to explore the correlations between resilience and burnout.

Women and men had no statistically significant difference among baseline resilience scores (P= .78). However, there was a statistically significant overall decrease in resilience scores among women (P= .002). Baseline Maslach Burnout Inventory-Human Services Survey scores indicated that ective effect against experiencing symptoms of burnout. Radiology residency programs should consider building longitudinal resilience for all trainees, especially women.We describe a new method for screening protein-protein interaction of biopharmaceutical molecules at dilute concentrations to predict development issues at high concentration. The method is based on Asymmetrical Flow Field-Flow Fractionation (AF4) measurements using well known effects of protein-protein attraction on the fractionation profile due to elevated protein concentrations occurring close to the membrane. We explore the effect for 4 different monoclonal antibodies and show that the profiles obtained are quite different. Interestingly, we find that the recovery in AF4 correlates with the diffusion interaction parameter, which is a standard method for the analysis of protein-protein attraction. Tanespimycin cost The results are insensitive to the protein concentration and buffer composition of the sample solution and only depend on the absolute amount of protein loaded and on the running buffer. This makes the method highly suitable for developability assessment in a compound discovery workflow.Affinity chromatography is widely used for antibody purification in biopharmaceutical production. Although there is evidence suggesting that affinity chromatography might induce structural changes in antibodies, allosteric changes in structure have not been well-explored. Here, we used hydrogen exchange-mass spectrometry (HX-MS) to reveal conformational changes in the NIST mAb upon binding with a protein A (ProA) matrix. HX-MS measurements of NIST mAb bound to in-solution and resin forms of ProA revealed regions of the CH2 and CH3 domains with increased protection from HX upon ProA binding, consistent with the known ProA binding region. In-solution ProA experiments revealed regions in the Fab with increased HX uptake when the ProAmAb molar ratio was increased to 21, suggesting an allosterically induced increase in backbone flexibility. Such effects were not observed with lower ProA concentration (11 molar ratio) or when ProA resin was used, suggesting some kind of change in binding mode. Since all pharmaceutical processes use ProA bound to resin, our results rule out reversible allosteric effects on the NIST mAb during interaction with resin ProA. However, irreversible effects cannot be ruled out since the NIST mAb was previously exposed to ProA during its original purification.The practice of reflexivity is widely recognized in ethnographic research as a strategy to identify and explore a researcher’s self-knowledge, beliefs, experiences, and their influence on research. In this article, I explore my journey from a practising pharmacist to a researcher within an ethnographic informed study pertaining to patients with chronic diseases and their medication intake behaviour. Ethnography allowed me to explore the lived experiences of ten participants using a smart medication adherence product. Through in-depth at home observations, photo-elicitation and semi-structured interviews over a period of 6 months, I was able to gather the invisible meanings associated with their in-home medication intake process. Extensive field notes were written after each home visit in addition to a reflexive journal documenting my inner thoughts, questions and reflections. A key finding of this activity was the intersectionality of my profession with race and gender, something I had not anticipated. Secondly, my social location as a woman and person of color resulted in questions being asked of me that was unexpected and at times left me feeling uncertain and uncomfortable. I entered this study believing that the boundary I erected between my roles of pharmacist and researcher would ensure clarity, and perhaps a sense of protection to some degree. I now realize this may have been naive and by relinquishing control of these roles, I was able to gain a deeper understanding of myself, my role as a clinician/researcher, and the older adults I serve as a pharmacist. Being reflexive during the study period offered me an opportunity to first identify and then analyze my beliefs and how they may impact the information I gathered during fieldwork. The practice of reflexivity is a critical tool for clinician-researchers and should be practiced throughout the course of fieldwork.