Saccharides are well-known to play important roles in various biological events through specific interactions with target molecules such as carbohydrate-binding proteins (so-called lectins). Although characterization and identification of lectin molecules with saccharides are essential to understand biological events, they are still difficult due to weak interactions of saccharides, especially with monosaccharides. Herein, we demonstrate enhancement and control of monosaccharide affinity toward lectin proteins using chemical conjugation of monosaccharides with structurally regulated peptide and amino acid substitution. Thermodynamic analyses of the interactions by isothermal calorimetry measurements were performed to characterize the interactions between monosaccharide-conjugated peptide and the lectin molecules in detail. Conjugation with α-helical 16-mer short peptides drastically enhanced the affinity to lectins as compared with peptides with random coil structures, indicating that the α-helical peptide-based scaffold cooperatively interacted with lectins through additional interactions by suitable amino acids. Furthermore, suitable arrangement of the amino acids surrounding the monosaccharides on the α-helix afforded the conjugated peptides with varied affinities for two types of lectins. Our results indicate that the affinity of monosaccharide-conjugated peptides toward lectins is generally designable by appropriate conjugation of a simple monosaccharide with designed peptides, leading to the construction of a monosaccharide-modified peptide microarray toward high-throughput identification and/or screening of lectins in various biological events.Precisely tuning the coordination environment of the metal center and further maximizing the activity of transition metal-nitrogen carbon (M-NC) catalysts for high-performance lithium-sulfur batteries are greatly desired. STAT inhibitor Herein, we construct an Fe-NC material with uniform and stable Fe-N2 coordination structure. The theoretical and experimental results indicate that the unsaturated Fe-N2 center can act as a multifunctional site for anchoring lithium polysulfides (LiPSs), accelerating the redox conversion of LiPSs and reducing the reaction energy barrier of Li2S decomposition. Consequently, the batteries based on a porous carbon nitride supported Fe-N2 site (Fe-N2/CN) host exhibit excellent cycling performance with a capacity decay of 0.011% per cycle at 2 C after 2000 cycles. This work deepens the understanding of the relationship between electronic structure of M-NC sites and the catalysis effect for the conversion of LiPSs. This strategy also provides a potent guidance for the further application of M-NC materials in advanced lithium-sulfur batteries.Mining biosynthetic genes for the exploration of hybrid metabolic pathways is a promising approach in heterologous production of natural and unnatural products. Here, we developed an integrative biosynthetic gene cluster (BGC) mining strategy to engineer the biosynthesis of l-homophenylalanine (l-Hph), an important intermediate for the synthesis of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors. We assembled the putative l-Hph BGCs and integrated phylogenetic analysis with target metabolite abundance mapping to prioritize candidate BGCs. To obtain an effective l-Hph pathway, various combinations of candidate genes from different species were screened in an iterative design-build-test stepwise manner. After the pathway was strength balanced and the metabolic flux was enhanced, engineered Escherichia coli produced 1.41 g/L of l-Hph from glucose in feeding shake-flask fermentation. Our cluster mining strategy enabled optimization of the target metabolic pathway, and it would be promising for production of other valuable products in the postgenomic era.Transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) is regarded as the gold standard in diagnostic cardiology and has become an essential tool for monitoring the patient undergoing cardiac surgery and transcatheter procedures. Considering the increasing number of complications related to cardiac implantable electronic devices, TEE can also be used to detect these irregularities. Transvenous lead extraction (TLE) is the first–line treatment for cardiac implantable electronic device-related complications. The essence of TLE is the dissection of leads from connective tissue adhesions that attach them to the walls of the heart and vessels. Separation of strongly immobilized leads may cause injury to the veins or heart resulting in life–threatening bleeding. For this reason, the guidelines from the American and European cardiac societies recommend clinicians to use TEE for monitoring the patient undergoing TLE. The advantage of such an approach is immediate detection, localization, and evaluation of TLE complications and sequelae. Additionally, according to our experience, continuous monitoring of the TLE procedure enables the operator to be informed about the expected technical problems.

Aborted myocardial infarction (abMI) is a type of acute coronary syndrome in which patients treated with reperfusion avoid the great burden of necrosis. Yet, no definition of abMI in patients undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention (pPCI) has been proposed so far.

This study aimed to identify patients with abMI and compare them with the remaining patients with ST‑segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI).

It was a retrospective study of 1693 consecutive patients with STEMI treated with pPCI. The median (IQR) follow‑up was 3.45 (1.45-5.09) years. Aborted MI was diagnosed if ST‑segment elevation was reduced by more than 50%, no new abnormal Q waves were observed, the maximal level of creatine kinase MB did not reach a value 5‑fold higher than the upper limit of normal (below 125 U/l), and there was successful reperfusion defined as the Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction score of 3 after PCI.

Using our definition, abMI was diagnosed in 176 cases (10.4%). Compared with the remaining patients with STEMI, those with abMI were younger (mean [SD] age, 61.8 [11.5] vs 64.4 [11.6] years; P = 0.005) and were more frequent smokers (48.9% vs 36.7%; P = 0.002). They had greater left ventricular ejection fraction (median [interquartile range (IQR)], 49% [40%-55%] vs 55% [51%-60.5%]; P <0.001), were discharged earlier from the hospital (hospitalization time, median [IQR], 73 [60-90.5] hours vs 87 [69-98] hours; P <0.001), and had a lower mortality rate at 1 month and long‑term follow‑up (2.27% vs 8%; P = 0.006 and 10.8% vs 23.9%; P <0.001, respectively).

Patients with abMI had better short‑ and long‑term outcomes than other patients with STEMI. Some negative cardiovascular factors such as smoking were more often observed in the abMI group.

Patients with abMI had better short‑ and long‑term outcomes than other patients with STEMI. Some negative cardiovascular factors such as smoking were more often observed in the abMI group.