A total of 22 release patterns are produced using different maximum release heights (2000, 3000, and 4000 m). Paclitaxel A Lagrangian particle dispersion model, FLEXPART, was then used to conduct simulations for these conditions to assess most coherent dispersion and deposition patterns. Model results from each release function were plotted, compared with each other and verified with measured data. In the functions where the release predominantly existed at lower levels, more extreme values were observed in the close vicinity of the source. Consequently, Dirac delta, log-Pearson type III (1), and exponential functions can be used as worst-case conditions at local scale. On the other hand, simulations also revealed that contamination spread to wider areas in cases where the release occurred from higher levels of the atmosphere. Therefore, log-Pearson type III (2) and cumulative distribution function can be considered more significant concerning a wider distribution of affected areas.Lithium-ion batteries and supercapacitors are examples of energy storage technologies that have a lot of promise in a variety of applications. Herein, NiO-porous carbon composites were prepared by a green and cost-effective facile synthesis route from banana peel waste materials. The surface morphology and chemical composition of the NiO-porous carbon composite were investigated using a scanning electron microscope (SEM) and energy dispersive x-ray analysis (EDX). The prepared samples were also described through Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, x-ray powder diffraction (XRD), thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), and surface area measurements. The electrochemical behavior of prepared materials was studied by cyclic voltammetry (CV), galvanostatic charge-discharge, and electrochemical impedance (EIS) to test their applicable suitability as supercapacitor electrode. PC-NiO (3) composite exhibits a remarkable specific capacitance of 811 F/g at a current density of 1 A/g. The specific capacitance of PC-NiO (3) is 5.3 times more than that of PC material at 1.0 A/g. Furthermore, the PC-NiO (3) composite material still exhibits a specific capacitance of 780 F/g at 5.0 A/g, high rate capability of 84.55% retention at a high current density of 10.0 A/g and superior cycle stability at 1000 cycles. Based on its high specific capacitance, the NiO-porous carbon nanocomposite is one of the most promising electrode materials for supercapacitors, according to the above results.In the energy-environment literature, a handful of the advanced economies, mostly the European Union countries, have met some of the national environmental sustainability targets. Consequently, most of these countries are renewing their policies for 2040, while the African bloc largely seems to have a longer path to emerge from the woods. Giving this insight, we are compelled to draw inferences from the role of major energy sources (conventional and renewable) in the sub-Saharan Africa’s drive for environmental sustainability target. To achieve this objective, we examine the validity of an N-shaped hypothesis for sub-Saharan region which has received less documentation in the extant literature. Thus, this study employed the pooled mean group autoregressive distributed lag (PMG-ARDL) and Dumitrescu and Hurlin panel causality approaches as estimation techniques. Our empirical results show that conventional and renewable energy aspects respectively worsen and improve environmental quality in both short and long perspective to the governments and environmental stakeholders in the panel countries, especially to re-engineer the region’s economic dynamics if the region must meet the anticipated Sustainable Development Goals 2030.Urban morphology is a crucial contributor to urban heat island (UHI) effects. However, few studies have explored the complex effect of 2D/3D urban morphology on UHIs from a multiscale perspective. In this study, we chose the central area of Jinan city, which is commonly known as the “furnace,” as the case study area. The 2D/3D urban morphology indexes-building coverage ratio (BCR) (for assessing the 2D building density), building volume density (BVD) (for assessing the 3D building density), and frontal area index (FAI) (for assessing 3D ventilation conditions) were calculated and derived to investigate the complexity of the relationship between 2D/3D urban morphology and the land surface temperature (LST) at different scales using the maximum information coefficient (MIC) and geographically weighted regression (GWR). The results indicated that (1) these 2D/3D urban morphology indexes are essential factors that are responsible for LST variation, and BCR is the most important urban morphology index affecting LST, followed by BVD and FAI. Importantly, the relationship between the BCR, BVD, FAI, and LST was an inverse U-shaped curve. (2) The relationship between 2D/3D urban morphology and LST variation showed a significant scale effect. With increased grid size, the correlation between the BCR, BVD, and FAI and the LST strengthened, “inflection point” of inverse U-shaped curve significantly declined, and their explanation rate of the LST first increased and then decreased, with a maximum value at the 700 m scale. Additionally, the FAI exerted a stronger negative effect, while the BCR and BVD generally had stronger positive effects on the LST as the grid size increased. This study extends our scientific understanding of the complex effect of urban morphology on the LST and is of great practical significance for multiscale urban thermal environment regulation.This study examined the concentrations of Al, Ca, Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, Na, Ni, Pb, and Zn in the liver and kidney samples of golden jackals (n = 163) and red foxes (n = 64). Additionally, we studied how sex affected element concentration in both species, and in the case of golden jackals, how concentration levels were affected by age.Liver was the most important storage organ for Cu, Fe, Mn, and Zn, while kidney for Cd and Na in jackals and foxes.We found no sex-related differences in concentration of any of the selected elements in fox samples. In jackals, the mean concentrations of Al, Mn, and Zn were significantly higher in kidneys of males, while Zn and Cu had higher concentrations in female livers. Our results suggest bioaccumulation processes do not occur in mesocarnivores.Lead and Cd concentrations fell within ranges accepted as normal for canine species and were below toxic levels in the organs of the examined species. Concentrations of Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, and Zn were far below the toxic levels in both organs of both species, with a slight sign of deficiency of Fe, Mn, and Zn in jackal and fox kidneys.