Natural abundance of carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) stable isotope ratios (δ13 C and δ15 N) has been used to indicate ecosystem C and N status and cycling; however, use of this approach to infer plant and microbial N preference under projected ecosystem N enrichment is limited. Here, we investigated natural abundance δ13 C and δ15 N of five dom…[Read more]

Objectives To determine which flexible ureterorenoscopy program would be most cost-efficient in our center, a cost efficiency analysis and a formula to assess cost efficiency feasibility of a hybrid model were performed. Methods Total cost per case of reusable flexible ureterorenoscopes (rfURS) was retrospectively calculated and compared with two…[Read more]