f MET-1 supernatant and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) from Escherichia coli 05B5 on NG neuron excitability. LPS increased the excitability of NG neurons in a toll like receptor 4 (TLR4 )-dependent and PAR2 -independent manner, whereas the excitatory effects of MET-1 supernatant were independent of TLR4 activation. Together, our findings suggest that…[Read more]