The topic of interstitial pneumonia with autoimmune features (IPAF) is a research classification proposed by the European Respiratory Society/American Thoracic Society Task Force this includes patients with idiopathic interstitial pneumonia (IIP) and clinical features, suggesting an underlying autoimmune process, but who do not meet established…[Read more]

The control over iron availability is crucial under homeostatic conditions and even more in the case of an infection. This results from diverse properties of iron first, iron is an important trace element for the host as well as for the pathogen for various cellular and metabolic processes, second, free iron catalyzes Fenton reaction and is…[Read more]

The following problems were found (1) a low perception of susceptibility to and severity of illness, (2) inadequate DSM knowledge and skills, (3) a lack of motivation to perform DSM practice, and (4) social exclusion and feelings of embarrassment. After the implementation of the program among the experimental group, all the variables improved…[Read more]